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塔里木盆地始新统卡拉塔组极热事件记录
Records of extreme heat events from the Eocene Karatal Formation in the Tarim Basin
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| DOI | 10.20086/j.cnki.yskw.2025.4062 |
| 刊名 |
Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica
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| 年，卷(期) | 2025, 44(4) |
| 作者 |
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| 作者单位 |
1. 中国石油塔里木油田公司, 新疆 库尔勒 841000; |
| 摘要 |
古新世至早始新世是新生代重要的气候转折期,多次极热事件的发生导致地球表层碳汇能力减弱,海平面多次发生波动。始新世以来,海相沉积在中国仅有3处区域保留有记录,塔西南卡拉塔尔组保留了这一阶段完整的海侵记录,是研究新生代古气候及特提斯洋演化的重要层位。本文针对卡拉塔尔组记录的极端气候沉积特征展开研究,结果显示: ① 卡拉塔尔组记录了可信的天文旋回周期,沉积时间持续6.6 Ma,与卢特泰阶一致; ② 卡拉塔尔组观察到风暴序列中的5个组成部分,即粒序层理、平行层理、丘状交错层理、波状层理和块状泥岩层,表明塔里木盆地区域沉积期处于风暴频发的热带-亚热带低纬度地区; ③ 受沉积相和水动力差异影响,发育了10种类型的鲕粒,即原生沉积成因的放射鲕、同心鲕、表鲕、复鲕、椭形鲕和偏心鲕以及后生改造成因的泥晶鲕、变形鲕、负鲕和白云化鲕。始新世中期,异常气候事件推动了海平面上升,海水进入塔里木盆地,事件持续至卢特泰阶结束。沉积期内,温室效应控制下风暴作用频发,CO2浓度升高,海水蒸发量变大,大陆风化作用加剧,长期恶化的环境使得生物化石具有机会主义选择特征。本文对新生代异常气候的研究补充了中国区域的海相剖面证据。
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| Abstract |
The Paleocene to Early Eocene was an important climate transition period in the Cenozoic Era, with multiple extreme heat events leading to a weakening of the earth's surface carbon sink capacity and fluctuations in sea levels. Since the Eocene epoch, marine sediment has been recorded in only three areas in China, and the Karatal Formation in southwest Tarim retains a complete record of marine transgression during this period, making it an important stratum for studying the Cenozoic paleoclimate and the evolution of the paleo-Tethys Ocean. This article focuses on the study of extreme climate sedimentary characteristics recorded by the Karatal Formation. The results show that: ① the Karatal Formation records a reliable astronomical cycle, with a depositional duration of 6.6 Ma, consistent with the Lutetai Stage; ② Five components of the storm sequence, namely grain sequence bedding, parallel bedding, mound cross bedding, wavy bedding and massive mudstone, observed in the Kalatal Formation, indicating that the Tarim Basin was in the tropical-subtropical low-latitude area where storms frequently occurred during the sedimentary period; ③ Affected by differences in sedimentary facies and hydrodynamics, 10 types of ooids have developed, including radial ooid, concentric ooid, superficial ooid, complex ooid, elliptical ooid, and eccentric ooid of primary sedimentary origin, as well as micritic ooid, deformed ooid, negative ooid, and dolomitized ooid of secondary alteration origin. In the middle Eocene, abnormal climate events pushed up sea level and seawater entered the Tarim Basin, which lasted until the end of the Lutetai Stage. During the sedimentation period, under the control of greenhouse effect, storms occurred frequently, CO2 concentration increased, seawater evaporation increased, and continental weathering intensified. The long-term deterioration of the environment resulted in opportunistic selection characteristics of biological fossils. This article supplements the research on abnormal climate in the Cenozoic era in China with evidence from marine profiles.
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| 关键词 |
塔里木盆地；卡拉塔尔组；风暴作用；鲕粒；极热事件
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| KeyWord |
Tarim Basin; Karatal Formation; storm action; ooid; extreme heat events
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| 基金项目 | |
| 页码 | 839-854 |
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